Tuesday 14th May 2024 at 8:10 PM
His birthplace is still deprived of proper recognition
Article Lahore Conspiracy Case: "Crown v. Sukh Dev and others" is written by Brij Bhushan Goyal to pay homage to Martyr Sukhdev Thapar on his birthday 15th May
Ludhiana: 14th May 2024: (Brij Bhushan Goel//Punjab Screen India Desk)::
In this case, Sukhdev Thapar, born on 15 May 1907 in Naugra Mohalla of Old Ludhiana city, was made the main conspirator and accused। AAP and Bhagat Singh and Rajguru and 22 other people, who were almost of the same age, were also made accused in this case। Along with this, his other young peers were also made co-opters। The events of the 1920s and the struggle for the freedom of the nation at the beginning of this case shook the hearths of British rule, imperialism in India। Finally this “revolutionary Trimurti” was sentenced to death by hanging and was hanged on 23 March 1931। Not only this, many more people in this case were sentenced to life imprisonment and sent away from the country, exiled।
When we look at Shaheed Sukhdev's short but full of great events, we see that he was only 03 years old when his father Shri Ram Lal Thapar passed away। Shri Ram Lal Thapar was a small businessman, businessman। Thus, this ignorant boy Sukhdev was brought up under the care of his uncle Shri Achint Ram Thapar, who lived in Lyallpur, Punjab (today Pakistan)। In Lyallpur, Mr. Achint Ramji was a prominent social worker and a prominent supporter of the freedom movement and in this regard, his arrest in 1919 and 1921 had a great impact on the mind of the young Sukhdev with the added anger of the country's service and he decided against it. Decided commitment to struggle against। The families of Shaheed Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev had a deep acquaintance। Thus, after completing their school education, this young couple enrolled in National College Lahore for further studies। In those days, this was the only college in Lahore which was founded by the famous freedom fighter Lala Lajpat Rai and in this college, the youth were filled with social service, as if they were given intensive training in social service।
In the same college, there was freedom to participate in intellectual discussions in an open and courageous manner for young fighters, talents, openly questioning their teachers on various topics, considering and knowing the activities of revolutionaries from all over the world, revolutionaries of India। Thus the teacher who influenced this young couple the most... He was a scholar of political science Prof. Jayachandra Vidyalankar। Not only this, this couple also used to visit Lala Dwarkanath Library established by Lala Lajpat Rai ji to read books regularly for their studies। A large number of political literature and contemporary and enlightening journals were also available in this library, which attracted Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev। Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev would often borrow books from this library and read them and discuss various topics in their rented room for a long time and hours। In those days, pre-partition Lahore was a major center of education in the Indian state of Punjab। Thus, the freedom struggle movement in those days affected every Indian youth। In the same series, these young students formed a student organization in Lahore in 1926 under the name “Naujuan Bharat Sabha”। This organization was a purely socialist and non-religious organization devoid of religious discrimination in its entire nature। In this organization, Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev made great efforts to involve the youth of Punjab and they also got success। Guardians (parent or other related) of these youths had already joined “Hindustan Socialist Republic Association” formed in Bengal in 1924 by Ram Prasad Bismil।
The young revolutionaries based in Lahore started special meetings and contacts with the community youth in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan and Punjab। On 08-09 September 1928 in Ferozshah Kotla, Delhi, he announced the formation of Hindustan Socialist Republic Association। Thus, the word socialist was also added to the name of Hindustan Republic Association। Both Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev hated communalism and wanted to create a just society, a society। Thus Chandrasekhar Azad H.S.R.A. was made the commander of। The main nature of this organization's structure was to rebel against the British government। Sukhdev's organizational intelligence, being one of the leading functionaries of the organization, was made in charge of Punjab affairs. (4। .... And that was the time when this organization decided to oppose the Simon Commission when it came to India and Saharanpur, Agra and Lahore Vic also started making bombs।
“The British government sent an commission called the Simon Commission to India to study the performance of the ongoing government under the Government of India Act, 1919”, but no Indian person was included in it। Political groups and revolutionaries living in Lahore jointly decided to oppose it at the railway station on reaching Lahore। On October 30, 1928, under the leadership of Sukhdev, the workers of the Youth Bharat Sabha and other people of the society also joined the people who came under the leadership of Lala Lajpat Rai। These workers also made a protective enclosure available to Lalaji। As soon as the demonstration started, Lahore Police Superintendent James A. Scott ordered them to be lathi-charged। As soon as Scott saw Lalaji, the police started beating him very brutally। Due to this, there were serious injuries on his chest and as a result blood flow had also started। After this, a meeting was held at Mori Gate in Lahore, in which Lala ji gave a speech without caring about his injuries and said that.... “ I declare that every single blow of the stick on my chest will prove to be a nail in the shroud of English rule in India.“ On his saying this, Deputy Superintendent of Police Neil, who was present there, shouted, which caused Sukhdev a lot of pain, because he was also present there। Not bearing the brunt of the police batons, he went to Swarag Siddhar after a few days। H on it.S.R.A. To avenge this gross insult and the death of Lalaji, the responsible police officer James A. for this lathi charge. It was decided to take revenge on Scott।
After this, Sukhdev and other revolutionaries in Lahore for a few days James A. Scott began to monitor his office activities ‘। Finally according to the plan made by Sukhdev, his trusted comrades ... Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Chandrasekhar and Jayagopal were entrusted with this task of revenge। According to the plan on 17 December 1928 James A. Plans were drawn up to kill Scott। The revolutionaries reached their designated place at the time। ... But in a delusion of identity, he killed another police officer, A.S.P. J.P.Saunders, who was some 21 years younger than Scott, was murdered when he was coming out of his office in the evening। In fact, James Scott was on duty in Kasur province that day। A head constable named Channan Singh, who was doing duty with Saunders, was also shot dead by the revolutionaries in this shooting। These young revolutionaries also pasted handwritten posters on the walls of Lahore city at night, on which it was written.... “ Lala Lajpat Rai's death was avenged.“ On the second day in the evening, these Surrey revolutionaries hid their identity and left for Calcutta by train going to Calcutta at night। At Calcutta, Sukhdev learned the technique of making bombs। After some time all these revolutionaries started gathering again in Agra, Saharanpur and Delhi।
In 1929, the British government in India introduced two bills-The Trade Disappointments Bill, and the Public Safety Bill - in the Delhi Assembly। The sole purpose of introducing these bills was to curb the activities of the revolutionaries and to prevent those who were preparing to protest against the government। All the nationalists strongly opposed these bills। H.S.R.A. On 08 April 1929, the young members of the Assembly decided to protest these bills by firing 02 bombs and raising slogans in their own voice। This work was entrusted to Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt। It would also be closer to giving the idea here that H.S.R.A. Most of the other members were not in favor of giving this responsibility to Bhagat Singh। He protested by saying that everyone knows that Bhagat Singh is already involved in the Saunders murder case in Lahore and by doing so, his identity will be opened। Expressing anger at this, Sukhdev announced his decision to send Bhagat Singh in this work because he knew and he was also confident that Bhagat Singh was the one who did this work, that is, the work of throwing bombs in the assembly. can do with। After dropping the bomb and pamphlet they also had to raise loud slogans of “long live the revolution। Both of them were arrested because after throwing the bomb, they did not consider it necessary to run from there to save themselves, they did not try it। On this, Sukhdev was quite restless thinking about Bhagat Singh's safety for a few days, because Bhagat Singh was the only person with whom he used to argue and loved him the most। Later, Sukhdev Thapar and Pandit Kishori Lal and Jay Gopal were also arrested।
Now the police were confident that Sukhdev Thapar was the brain behind all these revolutionary activities going on from Lahore। Therefore, in this case, in April 1929, Hamilton Harding, S.S.P. By Special Judge R.S. An F in Pandit's court.I.R. It was filed in which it was stated that in the background of this entire incident, mainly the mind of Sukhdev Thapar was working। So this f.I.R. He was accused at number-1। The matter came to be known as the Lahore Conspiracy Case 1929 and was officially named “British Taj v. Sukhdev and Hor”। In this case, his name was said to be “rural” i.e. farmer son Ramlal Thapar, caste Khatri Thapar। All arrested revolutionaries... Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt were brought to Lahore Central Jail as the police were confident that this conspiracy of their activities was originally hatched in Lahore। In the same jail, the revolutionaries went on a hunger strike without eating for a few days and were forcefully fed। He was beaten and even killed in jail। But those people kept insisting again and again that they should also be treated like prisoners of war because they are also struggling to free their country from British imperialism। He vented his anger and anger in front of the judges in the courts and refused to appear in those courts from now on।
Although this trial in the court of the Special Judge in this case had already started from 11 July 1929, but even after many hearing dates were over, the court proceedings were not being completed। On this, the Viceroy of India, George Irwin, in exercise of his powers under Section 72 of the Government of India Act, 1915, promulgated the Lahore Conspiracy Case Ordinance-91 on 01 May 1930 so that its hearing could begin before a special tribunal of 03 judges। Thus, the decision of the judges under this ordinance could not be challenged in any court and any appeal could be heard about it only in the Privy Council in London। He also reasoned in the issuance of this ordinance that the accused persons in this case are not cooperating, are going on hunger strikes and are disrupting the order in the courts due to which the case is repeatedly dismissed from hearing, resulting in There is a delay in decision making। This ordinance was neither approved by the Central Legislative Assembly nor by the then Rajya Sabha (Council of States)। According to this Ordinance, the Tribunal was required to give a decision within 06 months and accordingly it allowed the defendant revolutionaries to present their case and to have a lawyer in their defense, or to defend themselves on behalf of their family or on behalf of their supporters in India or in London. Any means, let alone any opportunity available। It became clear from this that the purpose of this ordinance was to sentence these revolutionaries to death as soon as possible। Now, unfortunately, this work was also completed on 07 October 1930। Many law experts say that in this way, the British government managed to make the end of this type of judicial murder irrelevant.... According to the earlier proceedings in this case, this tribunal also ordered Sukhdev to conspire with Bhagat Singh, being his right hand as an efficient planner, to implement his plans by making Rajguru the main shooter in the conspiracy, a He said that he was the perpetrator of the consequential action that led to Saunders' murder।
The jail administration had earlier fixed the date of execution of the martyrs as 24 March 1931. But keeping in mind the fear of any kind of upadar outside the jail, this fixed date was postponed and instead of 24, these three were sentenced to death on 23 March 1931 in the evening। The relatives of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev, who had reached there before being hanged, were also not allowed to meet them। Only his mother, Mrs. Rali Dai Thapar and Mr. Mathuradas Thapar, who came to meet Shaheed Sukhdev Thapar, were allowed to meet while his uncle Mr. Achintram ji had a letter of recommendation regarding the meeting of the Chief Secretary, Punjab. Despite meeting them, they were not allowed to see। Shaheed Sukhdev Thapar was asked his last wish by the jailer before he was taken to the gallows, so he only said, “his carrom board should be returned to his family.“
Sukhdev, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru hugged each other before going to the gallows and putting the gallows around their necks, they kissed the noose of the gallows and in the sound of sky-shaking slogans of “revolution Zindabad“ of other prisoners in the jail premises. The three heroes were hanged on the gallows। On hearing this news, a large crowd of people had gathered outside this central jail of Lahore and the administration was afraid of any untoward। Because of this, the dead bodies of these three martyrs were not handed over to the relatives despite repeated requests. As soon as the night fell, they were quietly taken from Lahore to Ferozepur on the banks of the Sutlej river in police vehicles to perform the last rites of those dead bodies. was brought and burnt।
Brij Bhushan Goyal 9417600666
Please Note: This article is written to commemorate the contribution of Shaheed Sukhdev. It is strongly felt that due justice has not been given by the governments to explain his role in the freedom struggle and the Lahore Conspiracy. And his birthplace still lacks proper recognition. He should be given more attention by the government and the society. It is worth mentioning that this must have happened to many other martyrs. We will keep bringing these details to the readers. There will be waiting for new ideas--Rector Kathuria-Editor
